In English, unlike some Latin-based languages, we cannot say that we do, did or are going to do something if it is in fact another person who is going to perform the action.

In Portuguese, for example, you might say:
Vou cortar o cabelo (I am going to cut my hair)

and actually mean that you are going to the barber’s or hairdresser’s, where a professional will actually do the cutting.

In English, if you say “I am going to cut my hair” it means that you will sit down in front of a mirror with the scissors and do it yourself.

When we wish to talk about arranging for things to be done by other people, we use the structure to have something done:
I am going to have my hair cut.
I have my car serviced every two months.
We had the house redecorated over the summer.

It is also possible to use the verb get instead of have:
I am going to get my hair cut.
I get my car serviced every two months.
We got the house redecorated over the summer.

The verb have, among other functions, can be used to speak about possession, relationships and other states, and also to talk about actions and experiences.

When have is used to speak about possession, relationships and other states, it is possible to use both have and have got:
I have a house in the country.
I have got a house in the country.
I don’t have any brothers or sisters.
I haven’t got any brothers or sisters.
Do you have a cold?
Have you got a cold?

When have is used to talk about actions and experiences, have got is NOT possible:
She is having a shower at the moment (NOT She is having got a shower at the moment)
We are going to have a party next month (NOT We are going to have got a party next month)
They had an argument (NOT They had got an argument)

In practice, then, it is always possible to use have (without got), so if in doubt, you should use this structure.

The two structures are formed as followed:
I/you/we/they have got a cold.
He/she/it has got a cold.
I/you/we/they haven’t got a cold.
He/she/it hasn’t got a cold.
Have I/you/we/they got a cold?
Has he/she/it got a cold?

I/you/we/they have a cold.
He/she/it has a cold.
I/you/we/they don’t have a cold.
He/she/it doesn’t have a cold.
Do I/you/we/they have a cold?
Does he/she/it have a cold?

When we want to speak about something that will have been completed or done by a particular time in the future, we use the future perfect simple tense.
Next January we’ll have been here for 12 years.
I’ll have finished my homework by dinner time.

If we want to stress the continuity of the future event, we use the future perfect continuous tense.
Jack will have been working as a policeman for fifteen years next month.
I’ll have been doing this project for a month next Monday.

We use the future in the past when we want to speak about something which had still not happened at the moment of time in the past that we are referring to.

There are various different forms of future in the past, all of which correspond to forms that we usually use to refer to the future. In fact, the process is the same as that used for converting direct speech to indirect (reported) speech – the verb tenses “move back in time”:
Am/Is going to = was going to
Are going to = were going to
Present continuous (am/is meeting) = past continuous (was meeting)
Present continuous (are meeting) = past continuous (were meeting)
Future simple (will) = would
When I saw John last time, he was going to travel around the world.
John said “I’m going to travel around the world”.
I saw Sue this morning, but she couldn’t speak to me because she was catching a train shortly afterwards.
Sue said “I can’t speak to you because I am catching a train shortly”.
The judge put him into prison, from where he would never leave before he died.
The judge said “I am putting you in prison, from where you will never leave before you die”.

The use of be going + infinitive and the present continuous tense to speak about the future is similar. We use them to talk about things that are already planned or decided.
What are you doing this weekend? (= What are your plans?)
I’m spending the weekend at home. (= I’ve planned it already/I’ve already decided)
I’m going to spend the weekend at home. (= I’ve already decided/I’ve planned it already)

The present continuous is usually used to speak about personal arrangements, when the time and/or place have already been decided.
We’re meeting Jim at the pub at 6 o’clock.
The taxi’s picking us up at 3 o’clock.

Be going to + infinitive is used to talk about our intentions, even if they are some way in the future.
I’m going to study law when I finish school.
We’re going to Hawaii for our holidays next summer.

Notice that last sentence – it is not common to say “going to go to. We normally drop the go to and just say going to.

Be going to + infinitive is also used to speak about the future when we have already got some evidence that something is certain or likely to happen.
She’s going to have a baby (I can see that she is pregnant)
It’s going to rain (I can see the dark storm clouds)

Will is more complicated, and here we are only going to discuss its use in relation to be going to + infinitive and the present continuous.

In certain situations all of these future forms can have similar meanings. The difference is what we want to stress when we speak. As we wrote above, be going to + infinitive and the present continuous are used to talk about things that are already planned or decided. If this is what we want to stress then we would use one of those structures, if not, we would choose will:
What are you going to do now?
What are you doing now?
What will you do now?

In the first two examples, the person asking the question assumes that the person they are speaking to has some plan or intention. In the last example, s/he feels that there is some uncertainty.

Also above, we mentioned the use of be going to + infinitive to talk about (predict) the future when we have already got some evidence that something is certain or likely to happen. When this evidence is not present, or at least is not as concrete, we prefer to use will.
It’s going to rain later (I can see the clouds building up)
I think it will rain later (It often does at this time of year)

The future continuous is formed with shall/will + be + – ing:
I/we shall be doing
You/he/she/it/they will be doing

We can use the future continuous to talk about events that will be happening at a particular time in the future:
This time next month we’ll be sailing through the Caribbean.
I hope the race goes well. We’ll be watching it on TV.

We can also use the future continuous to talk about things that we expect to happen in the usual course of events. In this case it does not suggest “continuousness”:
You’ll be seeing her soon, won’t you?
Management will be meeting the union representative again presently.

We can also use the future continuous to make polite enquiries, when we wish to know what somebody’s plan are:
Will you be coming along with us this evening?

We can also use the future continuous to talk about what we believe or guess is happening at the moment of speaking:
They’ll be arriving in New York just about now.
I wouldn’t phone just yet – she’ll be having her weekly massage.

When we want to say how often something happens, it is common to use frequency adverbs. It is possible to use them when referring to the past, present or future:
We often went camping when we were children.
I usually go to the gym at lunchtime.
I will always love you.

The following list shows the most common adverbs of frequency, with the one that refers to things that happen most often at the top, and least often at the bottom:
Always
Usually
Frequently
Often
Sometimes
Occasionally
Rarely
Seldom
Hardly ever
Never

I always brush my teeth before I go to bed. (=every night)
I usually have toast for breakfast. (=happens most days)
I frequently watch the news before dinner. (=it’s common)
I often go to the park with my dog. (=many times)
I sometimes see him down at the shops. (=at particular occasions but not all the time)
I occasionally visit the capital. (=not happening often or regularly)
I rarely smoke cigars. (=it is not common)
I seldom have a chance to go to the theatre. (=almost never)
I hardly ever travel abroad. (=almost never)
I never work on the weekend. (=not at any time or not on any occasion)

Adverbs of frequency can occupy different positions in the sentence. With most verbs, the normal position is between the subject and the verb. With the verb “to be”, the adverb normally comes after the verb:
Pedro occasionally visits us on Sundays.
She is often ill in winter.

Enough means “sufficient”, or”as much or many (of something) as necessary”.

Too means “more than enough” or “more than is needed or wanted”.

Enough comes after adjectives and adverbs:

It isn’t hot enough to go for a swim.
We’re not moving quickly enough.

Enough comes before nouns:

We have enough time.
There isn’t enough flour to make the cake.

Too comes before adjectives and adverbs:

It’s too cold to go for a swim.
You’re driving too fast.

When we put too before nouns, it goes in the expressions too much and too many. Too much is used before uncountable nouns. Too many is used before countable nouns (See more about): countable and uncountable nouns:

You put too much sugar in my coffee.
There is too much poverty in the world.
There are too many people to fit in the car.

Either and Neither are used with an auxiliary or modal verb to express agreement in the negative (as compared to expressing agreement in the affirmative, when we use “Too” or “So”), e.g.
“I haven’t been to France. I haven’t either / Neither have I.” (”I have been to France. I have too / So have I.”)
“I can’t see the screen. I can’t either / Neither can I.”

Either is used with a negative verb; Neither is used with an affirmative verb.

English vowels can be pronounced differently, having both short and long sounds:
Fat (short)
Fate (long)
Equate (short)
Equal (long)
Dinner (short)
Diner (long)
Hop (short)
Hope (long)
But (short)
Butane (long)

We double the final consonant of a word before we add -ed, -er, -est, -ing, -able and -y to show that the vowel has a short sound.

But how do you know when to double the consonant and when not to? There are a number of things to consider.

Firstly, we only double a consonant if it comes at the end of at word.
Slop – slopped – slopping BUT slope – sloped – sloping

Secondly, we only double a consonant if a word ends in one vowel followed by one consonant.
Dig – digging
Shut – shutting

BUT
Fool – fooled – fooling
Bend – bending

Thirdly, we need to consider words that end in one vowel followed by one consonant, but contain two syllables. We only double the consonant in these words if the last syllable is stressed:

Last syllable stressed
Deter – deterred – deterring
Unplug – unplugged – unplugging

Last syllable unstressed
Happen – happened – happening
Gather – gathered – gathering

Note: in two syllable words ending in one vowel followed by one “l”, the “l” is doubled even if the last syllable is unstressed:
Travel – travelled – travelling

Fourthly, only some letters are doubled.
B – rob – robbed – robbing
D – bid – bidded – bidding
G – dig – digging
L – travel – travelled – travelling
M – swim – swimming
N – plan – planned – planning
P – shop – shopped – shopping
R – deter – deterred – deterring
T – bet – betted – betting